Energy - Coal |
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Information related to coal as a fuel for energy. Coal can provide usable energy at a cost of between $1 and $2 per MMBtu compared to $6 to $12 per MMBtu for oil and natural gas.
The use of coal worldwide will continue to grow for the next 25 years. IN 2003, the word used 5.4 billion tons. By 2030 that number will almost double to 10.5 billion tons. (National Coal Council).
Separate related pages: Coal to Gas.
Additional Resources
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Companies
CoalTek - has developed a continuous coal pre-treatment system to produce high-value, clean coal from a variety of commercially available low-grade coals. CoalTek uses a microwave technology to reduce the water, ash and sulfur content of low-grade coal. By reducing water in coal, CoalTek’s technology can significantly increase the coal’s energy or Btu content per unit weight. Website. Investors: Braemar Energy Ventures, Draper Fisher Jurvetson, Element Ventures, Lightspeed Venture Partners, Warburg Pinkus. Management. Advisory Board: No. *
Evergreen Energy - leveraging a vertically integrated, coal-based platform to deliver combined energy, environmental and economic solutions, producing clean, efficient and affordable energy. Evergreen Energy is meeting the specific needs of vital industrial, international and public utility market customers. Our proprietary K-Fuel® process uses heat and pressure to physically and chemically transform high moisture, low BTU coals into a more energy efficient, lower emission fuel. A co-benefit of the K-Fuel® process is the removal of significant amounts of mercury and reductions in the emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. Website. Locations: Denver, Colorado.
Fuel Tech - is a fully integrated company providing a broad array of technologically advanced solutions to meet the pollution control, efficiency improvement, and operational optimization needs of energy-related facilities worldwide. Our unique problem-solving approaches enable customers to produce energy and processed materials in a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable manner.
Stock: NASDAQ:FTEK
Website: http://www.ftek.com/
Global Energy Inc. - is a leading Environmental Energy Technology Company with Gasification Technology and Advanced Fuel Technology expertise. Gasification Technology provides a clean and efficient BTU conversion of low cost hydrocarbons to produce synthetic gas for Power, Gas, Transportation Fuel and Hydrogen in the emerging alternative energy market. Website. Investors: Yorkville Advisors.
Peabody Energy - is the world's largest private-sector coal company, with 2006 sales of 248 million tons and $5.3 billion in revenues. Our coal products fuel approximately 10 percent of all U.S. electricity generation and more than 2 percent of worldwide electricity. We serve global coal demand from electricity generators and steelmakers, and we're growing to serve new global customers and emerging "Btu Conversion" markets. Stock: NYSE: BTU. Website.
Terms - also see Generation Terms
Carbon Sequestration - is the capture, extraction, separation, collection, etc, of carbon dioxide and a means for its storage or use. Wikipedia.
Coal - Wikipedia - includes discussion of gasification, and other coal technologies.
Resources
American Coal Council (ACC) - is dedicated to advancing the development and utilization of American coal as an economic, abundant/secure and environmentally sound energy fuel source. The ACC advocates a non-adversarial, partnering approach to business and serves as an essential resource for companies that mine, sell, trade, transport or consume coal. The ACC provides educational programs, advocacy support, peer-to-peer networking forums and market intelligence that allow members to advance their marketing and management capability. The ACC's predecessor organization, the Western Coal Council (WCC) was founded in 1982 as the Western Coal Export Council (WCEC), a private industry trade group formed to promote exports of western U.S. coal to the Pacific Rim. In 1986, the WCEC changed its name to the Western Coal Council to more accurately reflect the association's support of both domestic and international markets. Website. Locations: Washington, DC; Phoenix, Arizona. *
Coal - America's future - Report from The National Coal Council. Date: March 2006. Volume 1 PDF. Volume II PDF.
Coal Trading Association - CTA was incorporated in 1999 as a 501(c)(6) nonprofit trade association. It is managed by a nine-person board, which meets quarterly, with day-to-day activities handled by an executive director in our Washington, DC Headquarters office.Membership is divided into three categories: Corporate (voting), Corporate (nonvoting) and Nonprofit, Government or Academic Institution (nonvoting). The mission of the Coal Trading Association (CTA) is to promote efficient and effective coal trading practices and procedures and to serve its membership and the public. The Association will pursue this mission through the following objectives: Promote the advancement and application of policy programs, practices and regulations relevant to market-based coal trading. Encourage and facilitate appropriate information exchange among members and other interested professional and technical groups. Provide programs in education and training to improve knowledge, skills and practice tools of members. Website.
Energy Information Administration (EIA) - Coal Information. Webpage.
Environmental Markets Association (EMA) - Energy - Environmental Page.
Evolution Markets Inc. - OTC Coal Markets - Website. See Energy - Renewable Energy Credits Page for Evolution Markets Inc. info.
National Coal Council - The NCC provides advice and guidance on a continuing basis as requested by the Secretary of Energy on the general policy matters relating to coal, including: Review of federal policies which affect directly or indirectly the production, marketing and use of coal; Advice on plans, priorities and strategies to address more effectively the technological, regulatory and social impact issues relating to coal production and use; Advice on appropriate balance between various elements of federal coal-related programs; Advice on scientific and engineering aspects of coal technologies including emerging coal conversion, utilization or environmental control concepts; and Advice on the progress of coal research and development pursuant to the Office of Coal Research Act. Website. Monthly: Newsletter Updates. Paul Feldman was appointed to serve on the National Coal Council beginning November 2007 by the US Secretary of Energy - Samuel Bodman.
U.S. Department of Energy - Energy Information Administration - Coal information. Website.
The Future of Coal - An interdisciplinary MIT faculty group examined the role of coal in a world where constraints on carbon dioxide emissions are adopted to mitigate global climate change. A particular emphasis of the study is to compare the performance and cost of different coal combustion technologies when combines with an integrated system for CO2 capture and sequestration. Website.
World Coal Institute (WCI) - is a non-profit, non-governmental organisation of coal enterprises and associations - the only international body working on a worldwide basis on behalf of the coal industry. Website.
Statistics
A traditional 500 MW pulverized coal plant using Powder River Basin coal requires 56 train cars of coal a day and 1.4 million tons of coal a year.
Technologies
Coal bed methane extraction - (CBM extraction) is a method for extracting methane from a coal deposit. The methane is absorbed into the solid coal matrix (coal macerals) and is released when the coal seam is depressurised. To economically retrieve reserves of methane, wells are drilled into the coal seam, the seam is dewatered, then the methane is extracted from the seam, compressed and piped to market. The goal is to decrease the water pressure by pumping water from the well. The decrease in pressure allows methane to desorb from the coal and flow as a gas up the well to the surface. This process has resulted in the drilling of tens of thousands of gas wells, and extensive support facilities such as roads, pipelines and compressors. The use of this method is currently expanding in the Powder River Basin of northeast Wyoming and southeast Montana. Seven percent of the natural gas (methane) currently produced in the United States comes from CBM extraction. Wikipedia.
Coal To Products (CTP) - a set of technologies that can produce a range of fuels adn chemicals while generating significant amounts of py-product electricity. CTP technologies can produce high quality liquid fuels, such as diesel, jet fuel, can gasoline.
FutureGen - is an initiative to build the world's first integrated sequestration and hydrogen production research power plant. The $1.5 billion* project is intended to create the world's first zero-emissions fossil fuel plant. When operational, the prototype will be the cleanest fossil fuel fired power plant in the world. Website.
IGCC - Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle - See Generation Page.
Pulverized Coal Plants - super critical pulverized coal plants today and ultra-super critical plants (soon) represent advances in the efficient and clean use of coal. A 500 MWe ultra-super critical plant will emit about 100 tonnes per operating hour less than a subcritical plant, avoiding about 21% of the CO2 emissions.
The Urgency Of Sustainable Coal - National Coal Council Report:
Introduction – The Urgency of Sustainable Coal: http://www.energycollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-The-Urgency-Of-Sustainable-Coal.pdf
Chapter 1 – The Realities of Energy – 19 pages: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-1.pdf
Chapter 2 - Chapter Two Carbon Management Technology Options – 53 Pages: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-2.pdf
Chapter 3 - Legal and Regulatory Dimensions of Carbon Capture and Storage – 18 Pages: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-3.pdf
Chapter 4 - Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles and Coal-Fueled Power Plants with Carbon Capture and Storage – 14 Pages: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-4.pdf
Chapter 5 - Liquids From Coal – 42 Pages: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-5.pdf
Chapter 6 - Underground Coal Gasification – 14 Pages: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-6.pdf
Chapter 7 - Turning Coal into Pipeline Quality Natural Gas – 12 Pages: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-7.pdf
Appendix: http://www.EnergyCollection.com/Energy/Energy-Coal/NCC-Urgency-Chapter-0.pdf
Additional Resources
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Paul J. Feldman