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Information about generation of electricity. In the US, generation accounts for about 64% of the total cost of delivering electricity.
Additional Resources
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Companies
Advanced Power Projects (POWER) - was formed in 2006 by Pete Cartwright and Tom Mason to introduce advanced technologies to the power industry which will produce inexpensive power with reduced emissions and minimum environmental impact. POWER is financed by leading Silicon Valley venture capital firms and is backed by strong support from leading environmental groups and regulatory agencies. POWER's Simplified Combined Cycle (SCC) provides existing power plant owners with more power at lower cost and reduces greenhouse gases and other pollutants. SCC uses Cheng Power Systems' Cheng Cycle, CLN and Cheng Boost technologies. POWER has exclusive rights to apply SCC to large power plants in the United States. POWER is applying its SCC capabilities to improve and complement wind, solar and biomass fueled projects.
Locations: Fremont, California.
People: http://www.advancedpowerprojects.com/management.html
Website: http://www.advancedpowerprojects.com/aboutus.html
Allegheny Energy Supply - owns and operates 20 power plants with a generating capacity of about 9,700 megawatts.
Website: http://www.alleghenyenergysupply.com/
Areva - with manufacturing facilities in 43 countries and a sales network in more than 100, AREVA offers customers reliable technological solutions for CO2-free power generation and electricity transmission and distribution. We are the world leader in nuclear power and the only company to cover all industrial activities in this field. Our 71,000 employees are committed to continuous improvement on a daily basis, making sustainable development the focal point of the group’s industrial strategy. AREVA’s businesses help meet the 21st century’s greatest challenges: making energy available to all, protecting the planet, and acting responsibly towards future generations.
Website: http://www.areva.com
Conectiv Energy - a competitive subsidiary operating in the deregulated energy industry, safely and responsibly manages power plant assets and buys and sells fuel and energy in the wholesale marketplace. The company is an asset-backed merchant energy business using risk management tools, regional expertise, and intellectual capital to optimize the value of its unregulated power plants in the wholesale energy marketplace. Subsidiary of Pepco Holdings.
Website: http://www.pepcoholdings.com/companies/conectiv/
Pepco Holdings: http://www.pepcoholdings.com/about/phi/
Con Edison Development - is an independent power producer that develops, builds, and operates electric generation plants primarily in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic United States. Our key business purpose is to provide wholesale energy to be marketed by our affiliate, Con Edison Energy in the regional wholesale markets and to support affiliate Con Edison Solutions' energy requirements. As such, we focus on assets located in the NEPOOL, NYPP, and PJM power pools.
Website: http://www.coneddev.com
Dynegy - through its subsidiaries, engages in the production and sale of electric energy, capacity, and ancillary services in the United States. It sells electric energy on a wholesale basis from its natural gas-fired, coal-fired, and oil-fired power generation facilities. As of December 31, 2007, the company had a fleet of 29 operating power plants in 13 states totaling approximately 20,000 megawatts of generating capacity. Dynegy�s customers include regional transmission organizations, independent system operators, integrated utilities, municipalities, electric cooperatives, transmission and distribution utilities, industrial customers, power marketers, other power generators, commercial end-users, and financial participants, such as banks and hedge funds.
Board Of Directors: http://www.dynegy.com/corporate_governance/board_of_directors.asp
Locations: Houston, Texas.
Stock: NYSE: DYN Yahoo = http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=DYN
Eco Power Solutions - is a North American service provider offering customers the world’s most integrated, all-in-one energy recapture and emissions reduction solution. Its patented turnkey technology can reduce emissions by more than 96% (i.e. sulfur dioxide - SOx and nitrogen oxide – NOx and particulate), as well as reduce up to a 25% of Carbon Dioxide (CO2). The company’s technology is also capable of generating supplementary energy by recovering waste heat that normally escapes into the atmosphere, thus providing a significant reduction in operating costs.
Investor - Altira Group - Energy - Capital Page. Locations: Denver, Colorado.
Locations: Braintree, Massachusetts.
Website: http://www.ecopowersolutions.org
Edison Mission Group (EMG) - manages the competitive power generation business and other unregulated subsidiaries of Edison International.
Locations: Irvine, California.
Parent: Edison International - Energy - Investor Owned Utilities Page. Locations: Rosemead, California.
Website: http://www.edison.com/ourcompany/emg.asp
Entegra Power Group - owns, operates and markets electric power from highly efficient natural gas-fueled power plants to wholesale customers in the southeastern and southwestern United States. The energy assets owned by Entegra are the Gila River Power Station in Gila Bend, Az., the Union Power Station in Union County, AR, and the Trans-Union Pipeline which flows gas from Louisiana to Arkansas.
Website: http://www.entegrapower.com/
Excelsior Energy - is an independent energy development company dedicated to bringing the benefits of Integrated Gasification Combined-Cycle (IGCC) power generation to Minnesota and the Midwest. Excelsior believes that IGCC is a critical component to a comprehensive national energy independence and environmental protection strategy. IGCC is a clean bridge to the large gap in power generation resources that remains when even the most comprehensive renewable energy and conservation efforts are implemented and large amounts of natural gas-fired generation are included in the mix. Our leadership team consists of seasoned power industry executives who have developed, permitted, financed, constructed and operated innovative and technology intensive power plants around the world. Excelsior brings the know-how, creativity and tenacity required to overcome the barriers to providing market-based solutions to our national energy policy challenges.
Locations: Minnetonka, Minnesota.
People: http://www.excelsiorenergy.com/about/people_frame.html
Website: http://www.excelsiorenergy.com
Hyperion Power Generation - Energy - Batteries Page. Locations: Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Jasper Energy - is in the business of developing, constructing, owning and operating energy production facilities, including those that utilize natural gas to produce thermal and electric power (“cogeneration”), and renewable energy projects that convert solar and wind energy into transmittable electric power (“greenpower”).
Website: http://www.jasperenergy.com/business.htm
IDA-West Energy - A subsidiary of IDACORP, Inc. and an affiliate of Idaho Power Company, Ida-West Energy operates and has an ownership interest in nine Qualifying Facilities in Idaho and California.
Locations: Boise, Idaho.
Subsidiary of: IDACORP - Energy - Investor Owned Utilities Page. Locations: Boise, Idaho
Website: http://www.ida-west.com/
Luminant - is a competitive power generation business, including mining, wholesale marketing and trading, construction and development. It has over 18,300 megawatts of generation in Texas, including 2,300 MW of nuclear and 5,800 MW of coal-fueled generation capacity, and is the largest purchaser of wind-generated electricity in Texas and fifth largest in the U.S. Luminant is generating electricity to power the future of Texas.
Locations: Dallas, Texas.
Parent: Energy Future Holdings - Energy - Investor Owned Utilities Page. Locations: Dallas, Texas.
Website: http://www.luminant.com/
M2E Power (Motion 2 Energy) - M2E's patent-pending innovations at the physics level deliver three to seven times more power than competing kinetic energy solutions. By harvesting sufficient energy from normal daily motion, M2E can power a significant number of mobile electronic devices. M2E is currently being developed to provide U.S. soldiers on the battlefield with continuously self-recharging power for mission-critical electronics. Future applications will include everything from cell phones to large-scale wind and ocean wave power generators. With a modest amount of capital, M2E has already achieved a number of impressive milestones. Operational prototypes of both D cell and prismatic (cell phone) configurations have undergone validation testing at the U.S. Energy Department's Idaho National Laboratory (INL) where M2E was invented by Eric Yarger and his team. New developments are underway for larger generators and smaller form factors with M2E’s multi-axis innovations.
Locations: Boise, Idaho.
People: http://www.m2epower.com/about/management.htm
Website: http://www.m2epower.com/index.htm
Midwest Generation - is one of the largest independent power producers in the United States, producing enough electricity to meet the needs of more than 8 million households. Midwest Generation is a subsidiary of Edison Mission Energy (EME) and part of the Edison International family of companies, which is based in Rosemead, California. Primarily in the business of generating electricity for sale in the competitive wholesale market, the company owns and operates six electric power generating facilities in Illinois and also supervises operation of a plant in western Pennsylvania. These facilities can generate 7,500 megawatts of electricity and have about 1,300 employees.
Locations: Chicago, Illinois.
Parent: Edison International - Energy - Investor Owned Utilities Page. Locations: Rosemead, California.
Website: http://www.edison.com/ourcompany/mwg.asp
ReGen Power Systems - is a 12-year-old company focused on the development of a low temperature Stirling engine. Massive amounts of heat energy exit industrial processes daily and are dissipated into the atmosphere, unused. A typical steam turbine power generation plant produces 2/3 heat and 1/3 electricity, and globally, companies waste $300 billion of energy in this manner every year. Most attempts to reuse such heat involve cycling it back to pre-heat combustion air, but the benefit is usually outweighed by the cost. Only one commercial technology exists to convert such heat to electricity, but its high cost, low efficiency and the ability to operate only at heats about 800 Celsius limits it to niche applications. ReGen has recently re-designed an old engine technology to create power efficiently using discarded heat and steam at the low temperatures of 200 to 400 Celsius. The power that is created comes with zero emissions. Due to the low cost and ability to run at low temperatures, ReGen Power's stirling engine can be installed in many heat emitting facilities such as paper mills, steel mills, chemicals and petroleum refining facilities, glass ovens, cement plants and similar locations.
Investor: 21Ventures - Energy - Capital - Venture Capitalists Page. Locations: New York, New York.
Locations: New Haven, Connecticut.
Website: http://www.rgpsystems.com/
US Power Generating Company - owns and operates eight power generation facilities with a total capacity of over 5,000 Megawatts (MW). USPowerGen subsidiaries sell their energy and capacity into the NYISO and ISO-New England deregulated markets. The combined company represents generation sufficient to serve approximately 20% of the overall load in New York City as well as approximately 50% of the overall load in the Boston metropolitan area.
Locations: New York, New York.
People: http://www.uspowergen.com/the-uspg-team/
Website: http://www.uspowergen.com/
Generation Technologies
Many electric utilities and power plant developers who are proposing coal-fired electricity generating units are choosing super-critical pulverized coal units because in the absence of charges for CO2 emissions, the cost of generating from pulverized coal is lower than Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and its availability is higher.
Subcritical Pulverized Coal -
Circulating Fluid Bed -
Supercritical Pulverized Coal -
Ultra-Supercritical Pulverized Coal -
Integrated Combined Cycle Gasification -
Reports
What Generation Mix Suits Your State? Tools for Comparing Fourteen Technologies across Nine Criteria - As load grows and old plants retire, the public will need new sources of electricity generation. Understanding the nature and major characteristics of individual generation technologies is a first step in determining the appropriate mix of technologies. This report develops nine criteria key to that understanding; then applies those criteria to each of 14 technologies. A second step in determining the appropriate mix involves evaluating the “fit” of each technology in the context of an existing power system, consisting of generation facilities and customers with specific demand characteristics. The report examines the role that portfolio analysis can play in that evaluation. The report concludes by exploring what information decision-makers need to conduct their evaluations. The appendices offer diagrams of each of the 14 technologies, along with tables detailing the current mix of generation in each state. (PDF).
Resources
Combined Heat and Power Partnership - seeks to reduce the environmental impact of power generation by promoting the use of CHP. The Partnership works with the CHP industry, energy users, and other stakeholders to support the development of new projects and promote their energy, environmental, and economic benefits. DOE Page.
FERC on High Prices - Page 11 of this report shows the cost of new generation for various generation types.
Link: http://www.ferc.gov/legal/staff-reports/06-19-08-cost-electric.pdf
Terms
Cogeneration - is the use of a heat engine or a power station to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat. Wikipedia - Polygeneration. Wikipedia - CHP (Combined Heat and Power). Full Description.
Combined Cycle Gas Turbine - In a combined cycle power plant (CCPP), or combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) plant, a gas turbine generator generates electricity and the waste heat from the gas turbine is used to make steam to generate additional electricity via a steam turbine; this last step enhances the efficiency of electricity generation. Wikipedia.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) - See Cogeneration above.
Fossil Fuel Power Plant - A fossil fuel power plant is an energy conversion center that burns fossil fuels to produce electricity, designed on a large scale for continuous operation. Wikipedia for more. Fossil sources account for 80% of energy demand: Coal (25%), petroleum (34%), nuclear (6.5%), hydro (2.2%), and biomass and waste (11%) of global energy demand (MIT: The Future Of Coal).
Gas Combustion Engine - is a rotary engine that extracts energy from a flow of hot gas produced by combustion of gas or fuel oil in a stream of compressed air. Wikipedia.
Gasification - is a process that converts carbonaceous materials, such as coal, petroleum, petroleum coke or biomass, into carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Wikipedia.
IGCC - Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle - a term used when a power producing engine or plant employs more than one thermodynamic cycle. Heat engines are only able to use a portion of the energy their fuel generates (usually less than 50%). The remaining heat from combustion is generally wasted. Combining two or more "cycles" such as the Brayton cycle and Rankine cycle results in improved overall efficiency. Wikipedia. As of 2007, there are no IGCC plants in the US - some are in the permitting process. There are 2 demonstration plants - one of which is a 250 MW plant in Terre Haute, IN. While an IGCC plant without carbon capture uses 20% less coal than a traditional pulverized coal plant (and improves a variety of environmental conditions), adding carbon capture takes away the 20% efficiency due to the additional energy needed. According to MIT, IGCC appears to be the technology of choice for new coal plants with CO2 capture. At present, IGCC is the leading candidate for electricity production with CO2 capture because it is estimated to have lower cost than pulverized coal with capture.
Micro-Generation - See Distributed Energy Page
Polygeneration - A plant producing electricity, heat and cold is sometimes called trigeneration or more generally: polygeneration plant. Wikipedia.
Power Plant - Information from Sci-Tech. Website.
Additional Resources
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Paul J. Feldman